Only a Few Angles Tomography in Science and Technology

Back Ill-Posed Problems in a physical experiment

Presented design professor, Ph.D., Phylonin O.V. in the field of tomography for scientific applications

This page lists topics of theses that can be performed in the laboratory of few CT SSAU

Themes

Contents of studies

Comment’s

Methods and means of three-dimensional reconstruction of local facilities for dental problems

In this work assumed the following tasks:

1. Analysis of the information capacity of 2D - x-ray tomogram in terms of accuracy of reconstruction of 3D geometric characteristics of the analyzed objects.

2. Development of methods of allocation of contours of the image of interest, such as the border of bone and soft tissue.

3. Construction of contours of objects allocated, when the geometric accuracy of 0,01 mm.

4. Development of methods for constructing three-dimensional surfaces, based on data on two-dimensional contours of the objects (reconstruction algorithms should provide for the monitoring of objects from different angles, and allows the necessary geometrical dimensions).

5. Creation of algorithms and software packages 3D (including stereoscopic) view of information about the objects under study.

Relevance of the topic - the existing system of tomography diagnosis can not provide clear and accessible information about the spatial configuration of objects such as root canals, the configuration of bone tissue, the shape of cracks, etc. defects, etc.

The novelty of this approach is that by using the data are sufficiently common methods of 2D - x-ray tomography of a doctor - a specialist in your workplace is able to synthesize a highly accurate three-dimensional data on the interest of its three-dimensional objects in a concise and comprehensible form.

The practical significance is that specialist doctor (a dental surgeon, paradontology, etc.) gets the opportunity to create new types of dentures, and improve existing designs, while reducing the time spent in a few times. The quality and durability of prosthetics at the same time, also increase by several times.

Methods and tools for the study 3D-combustion parameters of solids

This theme involves the following tasks:

1. Modification of the X - ray tomography systems for diagnosis of few samples of solids - the creation of the input system of two-dimensional image projections of the PC.

2. Inverse problem for the direct 3D-reconstruction of the surface configuration of \u0026quot;burn\u0026quot; the solid phase.

3. Creation of methods and algorithms for direct 3D-reconstruction of the desired configuration of three-dimensional surface in two-dimensional data when the number of two-dimensional projections of 6 to 18.

4. Creating an application of software solutions for this class of problems with UNIX - cluster, implemented within the LAN.

Relevance of the topic lies in the fact that for the first time researchers an opportunity to analyze three-dimensional dynamics of burning solids in virtually \u0026quot;real time\u0026quot;. This greatly simplifies and accelerates the development of solid systems acceleration, allows investigating the heat-shielding materials, etc.

The novelty - first solve the inverse problem of three-dimensional reconstruction, making it possible to analyze the dynamics of change in the configuration three-dimensional surface - corresponding to a given parameter in any - asked, the experimenter, the time interval. It is important to note that implementation of these solutions is focused on UNIX - cluster systems formed on local area networks - Ethernet.

The practical significance is determined by the fact that in any laboratory, where we study the combustion of solids, the introduction of these systems and software poses no difficulties in view of their relative simplicity and low cost. In this case, information returns, productivity and efficiency an experiment is increased tenfold.

Methods and tools for the direct three-dimensional reconstruction of the parameters of its own radiation of biological objects

In fulfilling this topic is necessary to solve the next set of tasks:

 1. Analyze the basis of domestic and foreign developments more information - receptive to the TZ diagnostic areas and ranges of the secondary (induced) radiation.

2. Justify the basic parameters of the exciting ac electric field (amplitude, frequency, duty cycle and pulse shape ...)

3. Select and justify the method of recording the original two-dimensional projection data for the sphere - the tangential geometry registration, containing images of Radon.

4. An experimental setup for the registration of few two-dimensional images - projections.

5. Propose methodology \u0026quot;isolation\u0026quot; of the recorded images of Radon-dimensional arrays.

6. Develop algorithms for the direct 3D reconstruction of the required distribution function given by the parameters (al words - to formulate and solve the inverse problem for 3D shape recovery of the desired three-dimensional surface)

7. Create application software for solving this problem by using UNIX - cluster, implemented within the LAN.

8. Develop (modify) the 3D visualization algorithms required distribution function.

Relevance - the reconstruction of three-dimensional distribution given the parameters of self-radiation of a biological object has a disproportionately greater impact of information compared to traditional approaches. 3D solution of the inverse problem in this case greatly increases the accuracy of reconstruction decreases the time spent on the calculation of the required distribution functions. Information can be presented in a more convenient and intuitive to the researcher form.

The novelty of this approach lies in the fact that he first proposed to formulate and solve the inverse problem based on a three-dimensional Radon inversion with very limited amounts of input data with acceptable for practical purposes accuracy.

The practical value of work is determined that the proposed method of investigating the parameters of the induced fields due to intrinsic radiation of biological objects, is not only a powerful complement to traditional diagnostic factors, such as computed tomography, NMR, EPR, PET studies, but some cases, as shown by international experience, is a highly effective method of self-diagnosis.

Investigation of the spatial configuration of high-pressure two-phase gas flow in combustion processes using the methods of tomography

To perform this topic is supposed to solve the following tasks:

1. The formulation and solution of inverse problems for the direct three-dimensional reconstruction of 3D - fields of temperatures, concentrations of micro components in a solid mixture of relevance to the burning of two-phase flows.

2. Investigation of possibilities of applying external electromagnetic fields to increase the kinetic energy of the jet and control its configuration.

3. Creation of few experimental setup to carry out diagnostic experiments on small streams

4. Development of algorithms and methods for the direct three-dimensional reconstruction of the parameters of small gas and plasma jets.

5. Creation of applied mathematical software, software packages for solving this class of problems with UNIX - cluster, implemented in the network.

6. Development of methods, algorithms, mapping and reporting.

The urgency of this work lies in the fact that the application of electromagnetic methods and techniques to accelerate the burning of small streams can not only increase traction, such as micromotors orientation, but also more effective to change the direction of the thrust vector. Using the methods of inverse ill-posed problems in this case significantly increases the information to the spatial distribution of the unknown parameters.

The novelty of this approach is that proposed for the first time to raise and settle back strongly incorrect three-dimensional problem for the \u0026quot;twisted spiral\u0026quot; flows.

The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the experimenters are able, based on fairly simple systems of diagnosis and treatment of data have a comprehensive three-dimensional information on the dynamics of combustion processes.