Only a Few Angles Tomography in Science and Technology

Back Ill-Posed Problems in a physical experiment

 

Presented design professor, Ph.D., Phylonin O.V. in the field of tomography for scientific applications

Russian page

On this page you can see the application tomography for medical - biological research and diagnostics

http://labofpt.ssau.ru

 

Structural and kinematic few-projection tomography systems designed for medical - biological diagnostics

 

X - ray tomography system for ENT diagnostics

 

This system is an automated complex, allowing to obtain two-dimensional tomography of various organs, tumors and foreign bodies in the human skull. A distinctive feature of this system is the fact that it is a multi-channel, and for the simultaneous diagnosis of, for example, maxillary sinuses, you can use two independent channels of information, using X-ray CCD and photodiode array with X-ray - optical converter will to obtain images of large organs or pathologies. In the first case information is entered into a personal computer via the parallel port, the second option directly to the computer bus. Another distinctive feature, compared with the previously designed system is the possibility of replacing the CCD detectors with different resolutions, with the system automatically adjusts to the resolution given by the matrix.

 

 

Mathematical software is designed flexible enough and able to work under different operating systems like WINDOWS, UNIX. In the latter case, if the local network in a medical facility possibly paralleling the processes of calculation (the construction of \u0026quot;virtual\u0026quot; clusters), which significantly improves system performance.

 

System of registration and storage of few tomography diagnostic

 

The following figure shows a block diagram of the developed system to record and read information of any nature on the tape recorder, HDD, etc.

 

 

A distinctive feature of the developed system is the possibility of unloading the CPU of the computer from which you are reading - a record of information. In contrast to their foreign counterparts, the system stores information about the location of files in the system area of media. This significantly reduces the search time required to unload the data and tape transport mechanism. For this reason alone systems like ARWID virtually obsolete. Design of such systems are fairly simple, high reliability, and can be effectively used in health institutions, to store information directly in the institution, and will be provided to patients in a registration card which contains all the information about the health of the individual patient (tomograms encephalogram, \u0026quot;X\u0026quot; images, etc.)

 

 

Tomography reconstruction of the radiation fields of biological objects

 

Of particular interest in terms of few 3D tomography is the reconstruction of the spatial \u0026quot;glow\u0026quot; of electromagnetic fields emitted by biological objects. Methods of registration of such fields are known, we have to some extent succeeded in somewhat improved methods of registration, its essence is represented in the diagram.

 

 

Investigated the biological object in an electric field, illuminated by a plane-parallel laser beam radiation with a wavelength such as 0, 63 A, or the area near-infrared radiation. Register induced and natural radiation in the same perspective, is a flat sensor - Color CCD. Problem in this case should be reduced to a direct 3D reconstruction, so the choice of the plane geometry of the projections is shown below.

 

 

Block diagram of setup for tomography reconstruction of the radiation fields of biological objects

 

 

 

Application of methods and tools tomography in radiographic diagnostic

 

In medical diagnostic radiography is widely used, and I must say that despite the development of alternative methods and diagnostic tools radiographic will long hold leading positions in its simplicity, accessibility, high reliability of the information received. The bottleneck here is the introduction of information recorded on X-ray film to a personal computer. To solve this problem, we developed a few only X-ray tomography scanner for use in medical - biological diagnosis and control of extended objects such as welds. In these areas of imagers differ only in the light parameters of optical systems. This scanner can operate quite independently, has its own subsystem of the provisional reconstruction, monitors and so on. etc. However, better information can be obtained by processing raw data on the PC. Size of the scanned film is 300 x 400 mm2, which allows the analysis of such fractures on the same tape to fix the 2, 3 projections. Appearance tomography is shown in the figure. A similar radiographic scanner was designed and built for quality control of welded joints especially critical articles.

 

 

At the bottom of the tomograms shown in the reconstruction of the model function and tubular bone phantom, reconstructed with 6 projections at 1024 counts in each projection, we used methods of interpolation and extrapolation, convolution reconstruction algorithm.

 

Right above the original function, bottom left recovery.

 

 

 

 

 

The figure below shows a model reconstruction of the phantom using the convolution algorithm and calculate the intermediate projections and intermediate times in each projection, format 256 x 256 reconstruction of the element, with different cores, more than that right image has undergone an additional two-dimensional filtering. Using the phantoms of the proposed form of the model reconstruction unambiguously assess the expected error of reconstruction of real objects.

 

 

 

 

Applications OFP tomography in dentistry.

 

Very effective use of few 3D imaging in dentistry, in particular to determine the shape and configuration of the channels, especially in the case of treatment or prosthetic teeth, there are cases when the form definition channels have to make up to 30 X-ray images, it is virtually the SDA. We have developed a few projections tomography method and hardware implementation for solving such problems. The figure below shows two implementation schemes, the first involves the use of conventional X-ray film but of a different size, so that it can be projected 3 - 6 projections diagnosed the tooth, for the same purpose is served by a lead screen placed in front of a film. The second scheme is more progressive and includes an X-ray CCD, which captures the projection receiving commands from the computer; the unit drive system is a standard X-ray emitter is also controlled by computer.

 

 

 

Note that as the detectors can be used and the X-ray film, and therefore the standard method of radiography, which expands the scope of the methods of tomography.

 

It is clear that the use of X-ray film as a detector for reading with the information it requires specialized scanner, and the board interface with a PC, hence the use of the CCD as a detector more preferably, even in terms of hardware implementation. At the lower figure, in fact, shows a general approach implementation of the application few-projection reconstruction methods in medical - biological problems.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rambler's Top100

Phynist3d

 

 

 

StudiotR

 

>

Copyright  ©  2010-2011. All Rights Reserved.  Your interactions with this site are in accordance with our  statements.

Design by Phylonin O. V.

Используются технологии uCoz